3. JAVA OCA 1Z0 808 Creating Objects Constructors Fields Instance Initializer Blocks Chapter 1

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OCA: Oracle® Certified Associate Java® SE 8 Programmer I
JAVA OCA 1Z0 808:
• Chapter 1: Java Building Blocks
• Chapter 2: Operators and Statements
• Chapter 3: Core Java APIs
• Chapter 4: Methods and Encapsulation
• Chapter 5: Class Design
• Chapter 6: Exceptions

Benefits of Java:
• Object Oriented: Java is an object-oriented language, which means all code is defi ned in classes and most of those classes can be instantiated into objects. We’ll discuss this more throughout the book. Many languages before Java were procedural, which meant there were routines or methods but no classes. Another common approach is functional programming. Java allows for functional programming within a class, but object oriented is still the main organization of code.
• Encapsulation: Java supports access modifi ers to protect data from unintended access and modifi cation. Most people consider encapsulation to be an aspect of object-oriented languages. Since the exam objectives call attention to it specifi cally, so do we.
• Platform Independent: Java is an interpreted language because it gets compiled to bytecode. A key benefi t is that Java code gets compiled once rather than needing to be recompiled for different operating systems. This is known as “write once, run everywhere.” On the OCP exam, you’ll learn that it is possible to write code that does not run everywhere. For example, you might refer to a fi le in a specifi c directory. If you get asked on the OCA exam, the answer is that the same class fi les run everywhere.
• Robust: One of the major advantages of Java over C++ is that it prevents memory leaks. Java manages memory on its own and does garbage collection automatically. Bad memory management in C++ is a big source of errors in programs.
• Simple: Java was intended to be simpler than C++. In addition to eliminating pointers, it got rid of operator overloading. In C++, you could write a + b and have it mean almost anything.
• Secure: Java code runs inside the JVM. This creates a sandbox that makes it hard for Java code to do evil things to the computer it is running on.

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